Low Back

NSR — Low Back Pain — Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)

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Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) — Low Back Pain

Instructions: This questionnaire has been designed to assess how your back pain affects your ability to manage everyday activities. Please mark ONE answer in each section that most closely describes your situation TODAY.

1. Pain Intensity

2. Personal Care (Washing / Dressing)

A. Can look after myself normally without causing extra pain. B. Can look after myself but causes extra pain. C. Painful; I am slow and careful. D. I need some help but manage most personal care. E. I need help every day with most personal care. F. I do not get dressed; I wash with difficulty and stay in bed.

3. Lifting

A. Can lift heavy weights without extra pain. B. Can lift heavy weights but causes extra pain. C. Pain prevents lifting heavy weights from the floor. D. Can only lift light to medium weights from well-positioned surfaces. E. Can only lift very light weights. F. Cannot lift or carry anything at all.

4. Walking

A. Pain does not prevent walking any distance. B. Pain prevents walking more than 1 mile. C. Pain prevents walking more than 1/2 mile. D. Pain prevents walking more than 1/4 mile. E. Can only walk with a stick or crutches. F. In bed most of the time; must crawl to the toilet.

5. Sitting

A. Can sit in any chair for as long as I like. B. Can only sit in my favorite chair for as long as I like. C. Pain prevents sitting more than 1 hour. D. Pain prevents sitting more than 30 minutes. E. Pain prevents sitting more than 10 minutes. F. Pain prevents me from sitting at all.

6. Standing

A. Can stand as long as I want without extra pain. B. Can stand as long as I want but it causes extra pain. C. Pain prevents standing more than 1 hour. D. Pain prevents standing more than 30 minutes. E. Pain prevents standing more than 10 minutes. F. Pain prevents me from standing at all.

7. Sleeping

A. Sleep is never disturbed by pain. B. Sleep is occasionally disturbed by pain. C. Because of pain, I sleep less than 6 hours. D. Because of pain, I sleep less than 4 hours. E. Because of pain, I sleep less than 2 hours. F. Pain prevents any sleep.

8. Social Life

A. Social life is normal and causes no extra pain. B. Social life is normal but increases pain. C. Pain restricts strenuous activities; I still go out. D. Pain has restricted social life; I rarely go out. E. Pain restricts social life to my home. F. I have no social life because of pain.

9. Traveling

A. Can travel anywhere without extra pain. B. Can travel anywhere but causes extra pain. C. Pain is bad but journeys over 2 hours are managed. D. Pain restricts me to journeys under 1 hour. E. Pain restricts me to short necessary journeys under 30 min. F. Pain prevents travel except for medical treatment.

10. Employment / Homemaking

A. Normal activities do not cause extra pain. B. Normal activities cause some extra pain. C. Normal activities cause a lot of pain. D. Pain prevents all but light activity. E. Pain prevents all meaningful activity. F. Pain prevents any activity.

🔒 CLINICIAN USE ONLY — Complete the score fields below after the patient finishes this questionnaire.

ODI Raw Score (add marked values, max 50):

ODI Score % = (raw ÷ 50) × 100:

Assessment Date:

Score Range	Classification	Typical Clinical Presentation
0 – 20%	Minimal disability	Patient can manage most activities. Treatment focuses on lifting, posture, and fitness.
21 – 40%	Moderate disability	Pain limits sitting, lifting, and standing. Employment possible. Conservative treatment appropriate.
41 – 60%	Severe disability	Pain is the primary problem. Detailed investigation needed.
61 – 80%	Crippling	Pain impacts all aspects of daily life. Positive intervention is required.
81 – 100%	Bed-bound / Exaggerating	Patient is bed-bound or symptoms may be exaggerated. Evaluation warranted.

Source: Fairbank JCT, Pynsent PB. Spine. 2000;25(22):2940–2952. © Jeremy Fairbank, Oxford. Free for clinical/research use.

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Low Back Pain — Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)